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Increasingly,
the
chemistry and dynamics of the stratosphere and troposphere are being
studied
and modeled as a single entity in global models. As evidence, in
support of the
upcoming Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fifth Assessment
Report (IPCC
AR5), several groups have performed simulations in the Coupled Model
Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) using global models with
interactive
chemistry spanning the surface through the stratosphere and above. In
addition,
tropospheric and stratospheric global chemistry-climate models are
continuously
being challenged by new observations and process analyses. Some recent
intercomparison
exercises have for example highlighted shortcomings in our
understanding and/or
modeling of long-term ozone trends and methane lifetime. Furthermore,
there is
growing interest in the impact of stratospheric ozone changes on
tropospheric
chemistry via both ozone fluxes (e.g. from the projected strengthening
of the
Brewer-Dobson circulation) and actinic fluxes. This highlights that
there is a
need to better coordinate activities focusing on the two domains and to
assess
scientific questions in the context of the more comprehensive
stratosphere-troposphere resolving models with chemistry. To address
the
issues, the a
joint IGAC / SPARC
Chemistry-Climate Model Initiative (CCMI) was established to coordinate
future (and to some
extent existing) IGAC and SPARC chemistry-climate model evaluation and
associated modeling activities.
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