Publikationen in Büchern mit
Begutachtungsverfahren:
1.) Gierens, K.M., 2010: Contrails and contrail cirrus. In: Encyclopedia of Aerospace Engineering,
Vol. 6. R. Blockley and W. Shyy (Eds.). John Wiley & Sons Ltd.,
Chichester, UK, pp. 3683-3694.
2.) Gierens, K., P. Spichtinger, U. Schumann, 2012: Ice
Supersaturation. In: Atmospheric
Physics. Background - Methods - Trends, U. Schumann (Ed.).
Springer, Heidelberg, Germany. pp 135-150.
3.) Unterstrasser, S., I. Sölch, K. Gierens, 2012: Cloud Resolving
Modeling of Contrail Evolution. In: Atmospheric Physics. Background - Methods - Trends,
U. Schumann (Ed.). Springer, Heidelberg, Germany. pp. 543-576.
4.) Sausen, R., K. Gierens, V. Eyring, J. Hendricks, M. Righi, 2012:
Climate Impact of Transport. In: Atmospheric
Physics. Background - Methods - Trends, U. Schumann (Ed.).
Springer, Heidelberg, Germany. pp. 711-726.
5.) Gierens, K., R. Sausen, U. Bauder, G. Eckel, K. Großmann, P. Le Clercq, D.S. Lee, B. Rauch, D. Sauer, C. Voigt, A. Schmidt, 2024: Influence of aviation fuel com-position on the formation and lifetime of contrails — a literature review. Concawe Report No. 1/24. ISBN 978-2-87567-181-3.
Publikationen in Zeitschriften mit Begutachtungsverfahren:
(Einige
der
späteren Publikationen können im pdf-Format heruntergeladen
werden - durch blaue Nummern gekennzeichnet. Andere können
beim Autor bestellt werden.)
Copyright
beachten:
© EGU
= Copyright
European Geosciences Union. See http://www.copernicus.org/EGU/copyright.htm
1.) Gierens, K.M., G. Traving, R. Wehrse, 1987: Formation of
resonance lines in media with stochastic depth dependence of the
Planck function. J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer 37,
361-371.
2.) Gierens, K.M., J. Stutzki, G. Winnewisser, 1992: UV
irradiated clumps in the Orion A molecular cloud: interpretation
of low-J CO observations. Astron. Astrophys. 259, 271-282.
3.) Gierens, K.M., 1993: A fast six-flux radiative transfer
method for application in finite cloud models. Beitr. Phys.
Atmosph. 66, 73-87.
4.) Gierens, K.M., 1994: The Influence of Radiation on the
Diffusional Growth of Ice Crystals. Beitr. Phys. Atmosph. 67,
181-193.
5.) Schumann, U., J. Ström, R. Busen, R. Baumann, K. Gierens, M.
Krautstrunk, F.P. Schröder, J. Stingl, 1996: In situ observations
of particles in jet aircraft exhausts and contrails for different
sulfur containing fuels. J. Geophys. Res. 101, 6853-6869.
6.) Gierens, K., U. Schumann, 1996: Colors of contrails from
fuels with different sulfur contents. J. Geophys. Res. 101,
16731-16736.
7.) Gierens, K.M., 1996: Simplification of the Discrete Angle
Radiative Transfer method for clouds with translational symmetry.
Beitr. Phys. Atmosph. 69, 355-357.
8.) Gierens, K.M., 1996: Numerical Simulations of Persistent
Contrails. J. Atmos. Sci. 53, 3333-3348.
9.) Gierens, K.M., U. Schumann, H.G.J. Smit, M. Helten, G. Zängl,
1997: Determination of humidity and temperature fluctuations based
on MOZAIC data and parametrization of persistent contrail coverage
for general circulation models. Ann. Geophys. 15, 1057-1066.
10.) Gierens, K.M., 1998: How the sky gets covered with
contrails. Meteorol. Z., N.F. 7, 181-187.
11.) Gierens, K.M., J. Ström, 1998: A numerical study of aircraft
wake induced ice cloud formation. J. Atmos. Sci. 55, 3253-3263.
12.) Sausen, R., K. Gierens, M. Ponater, U. Schumann, 1998: A
diagnostic study of the global distribution of contrails, Part I.
Present day climate. Theor. Appl. Climatol. 61, 127-141.
13.) Gierens, K., E. Jensen, 1998: A numerical study of the
contrail-to-cirrus transition. Geophys. Res. Lett. 55, 4341-4344.
14.) Sussmann, R., K. Gierens, 1999: Lidar and numerical studies
on the different evolution of a contrail's vortex system and its
secondary wake. J. Geophys. Res. 104, 2131-2142.
15.) Gierens, K., R. Sausen, U. Schumann, 1999: A diagnostic
study of the global distribution of contrails, Part II. Future
traffic scenarios. Theor. Appl. Climatol. 63, 1-9.
16.)
Gierens, K., U. Schumann, M. Helten, H.G.J. Smit, A. Marenco,
1999: A distribution law for relative humidity in the upper
troposphere and lower stratosphere derived from three years of
MOZAIC measurements. Ann. Geophys. 17, 1218-1226. (© EGU)
17.) Minnis, P., U. Schumann, D.R. Doelling, K.M. Gierens, D.W.
Fahey, 1999: Global distribution of contrail radiative forcing.
Geophys. Res. Lett. 26, 1853-1856.
18.) Gierens, K., M. Ponater, 1999: Comment to "Variation of
cosmic ray flux and global cloud coverage - a missing link in
solar climate relationships" by H. Svensmark and E.
Friis-Christensen. J. Atmosph. Solar-Terrestr. Phys. 61, 795-797.
Reprinted in: Chambers, Frank; Ogle, Michael,
2002: Climate Change:
Critical Concepts in the Environment. Publisher:
Routledge, ISBN10: 041527656X, ISBN13:
9780415276566.
19.)
Gierens, K., P. Spichtinger, 2000: On the size distribution of
ice-supersaturated regions in the upper troposphere and lowermost
stratosphere. Ann. Geophys. 18, 499-504. (© EGU)
20.) Gierens, K., U. Schumann, M. Helten, H. Smit, P.H. Wang,
2000: Ice-supersaturated regions and sub visible cirrus in the
northern midlatitude upper troposphere. J. Geophys. Res. 105,
22743-22754.
21.) Sussmann, R., K. Gierens, 2001: Differences in early
contrail evolution of 2-engined versus 4-engined aircraft. Lidar
measurements and numerical simulations. J. Geophys. Res. 106,
4899-4911.
22.) Ström, L., K. Gierens, 2002: First simulations of cryoplane
contrails. J. Geophys. Res., 107, doi:10.1029/2001JD000838.
23.) Gierens, K., S. Brinkop, 2002: A model for the horizontal
exchange between ice-supersaturated regions and their surrounding
area. Theor. Appl. Climatol. 71, 129-140.
24.) Spichtinger, P., K. Gierens, W. Read, 2002: The statistical
distribution law of relative humidity in the global tropopause
region. Meteorol. Z. 11, 83-88.
25.) Ovarlez, J., J.-F. Gayet, K. Gierens, J. Ström, H. Ovarlez,
F. Auriol, R. Busen, U. Schumann, 2002: Water vapor measurements
inside cirrus clouds in northern and southern hemispheres during
INCA. Geophys. Res. Lett., 29, doi:10.1029/2001GL014440.
26.) Gierens, K.M., M. Monier, J.-F. Gayet, 2003: The deposition
coefficient and its role for cirrus clouds. J. Geophys. Res., 108,
doi:10.1029/2001JD001558.
27.) Spichtinger, P., K. Gierens, U. Leiterer, H. Dier, 2003: Ice
supersaturation in the tropopause region over Lindenberg, Germany.
Meteorol. Z., 12, 143-156.
28.) Spichtinger, P., K. Gierens, W. Read, 2003: The global
distribution of ice-supersaturated regions as seen by the
Microwave Limb Sounder.
Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 129, 3391-3410.
29.) Gierens, K., 2003: On the transition between heterogeneous
and homogeneous freezing. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 3, 437-446. (http://www.copernicus.org/EGU/acp/acp/3/437/acp-3-437.pdf)
30.) Gierens, K., P. Spichtinger, 2004: Comment on "The impact of
temperature errors on perceived humidity supersaturation" by S.A.
Buehler and N. Courcoux. Geophys. Res. Lett., 31, L02113,
doi:10.1029/2003GL018695.
31.) Gierens, K., R. Kohlhepp, P. Spichtinger, M.
Schroedter-Homscheidt, 2004: Ice supersaturation as seen from
TOVS. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 4, 539-547. ( http://www.copernicus.org/EGU/acp/acp/4/539/acp-4-539.pdf
)
32.) Spichtinger, P., K. Gierens, H.G.J. Smit, J. Ovarlez, J.-F.
Gayet, 2004: On the distribution of relative humidity in cirrus
clouds. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 4, 639-647. (
http://www.copernicus.org/EGU/acp/acp/4/639/acp-4-639_p.pdf)
33.) Spichtinger, P., K. Gierens, H. Wernli, 2005: A case study
on the formation and evolution of ice supersaturation in the
vicinity of a warm conveyor belt's outflow region. Atmos. Chem.
Phys., 5, 973-987. (http://www.copernicus.org/EGU/acp/acp/5/973/acp-5-973.pdf)
34.) Spichtinger, P., K. Gierens, A. Dörnbrack, 2005: Formation
of ice supersaturation by mesoscale gravity waves. Atmos. Chem.
Phys., 5, 1243-1255. (http://www.copernicus.org/EGU/acp/acp/5/1243/acp-5-1243.pdf)
35.) Mannstein, H., P. Spichtinger, K. Gierens, 2005: A note on
how to avoid contrails. Transportation Research Part D 10,
421-426.
36.) Marquart, S., M. Ponater, L. Ström, K. Gierens, 2005: An
upgraded estimate of the radiative forcing of cryoplane contrails.
Meteorol. Z., 14, 573-582
37.) Tompkins, A.M., K. Gierens, G. Rädel, 2007: Ice
supersaturation in the ECMWF Integrated Forecast System. Q. J. R.
Meteorol. Soc., 133, 53-63.
38.) Gierens, K., R. Kohlhepp, N. Dotzek, H.G.J. Smit, 2007:
Instantaneous fluctuations of temperature and moisture in the
upper troposphere and tropopause region. Part 1: Probability
densities and their variability. Meteorol Z., 16, 221-231.
39.) Gierens, K., 2007: Are fuel additives a viable contrail
mitigation option? Atmos. Environ., 41, 4548-4552. (http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.03.014)
40.) Eleftheratos, K., C. Zerefos, P. Zanis, D. Balis, G.
Tselioudis, K. Gierens, R. Sausen, 2007: A study on natural and
manmade global interannual fluctuations of cirrus cloud cover for
the period 1984-2004. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 7, 2631-2642. (http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/7/2631/2007/acp-7-2631-2007.pdf)
41.) Gierens, K., L. Lim, K. Eleftheratos, 2008: A review of
various strategies for contrail avoidance. The Open Atmospheric
Science Journal, 2, 1-7. (http://www.bentham-open.org/pages/gen.php?file=1TOASCJ.pdf)
42.) Unterstraßer, S., K. Gierens, P. Spichtinger, 2008: The
evolution of contrail microphysics in the vortex phase. Meteorol.
Z., 17, 145-156.
43.) Dotzek, N., K. Gierens, 2008: Instantaneous fluctuations of
temperature and moisture in the upper troposphere and tropopause
region. Part 2: Structure functions and intermittency. Meteorol. Z.,
17, 323-337.
44.) Burkhardt, U., B. Kärcher, M. Ponater, K. Gierens, A.
Gettelman, 2008: Contrail cirrus supporting areas. Geophys. Res.
Lett., 35, L16808, doi:10.1029/2008GL034056.
45.) Spichtinger, P., K. Gierens, 2009: Modelling of cirrus clouds -
Part 1a: Model description and validation. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9,
685-706. (http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/9/685/2009/acp-9-685-2009.pdf)
46.) Spichtinger, P., K. Gierens, 2009: Modelling of cirrus clouds -
Part 1b: Structuring cirrus clouds by dynamics. Atmos. Chem. Phys.,
9, 707-719. (http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/9/707/2009/acp-9-707-2009.pdf)
47.) Gierens, K., B. Kärcher, H. Mannstein, B. Mayer, 2009:
Aerodynamic contrails: Phenomenology and flow physics. J. Atmos.
Sci., 66, 217-226.
48.) Kärcher, B., B. Mayer, K. Gierens, U. Burkhardt, H. Mannstein,
R. Chatterjee, 2009: Aerodynamic contrails: Microphysical and
optical properties. J. Atmos. Sci., 66, 227-243.
49.) Lamquin, N., K. Gierens, C.J. Stubenrauch, R. Chatterjee, 2009:
Evaluation of Upper Tropospheric Humidity forecasts from ECMWF using
AIRS and CALIPSO data.
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 1779-1793. (http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/9/1779/2009/acp-9-1779-2009.pdf)
50.) Spichtinger, P., K. Gierens, 2009: Modelling of cirrus clouds -
Part 2: Competition of different nucleation mechanisms. Atmos. Chem.
Phys., 9, 2319-2334.
(http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/9/2319/2009/acp-9-2319-2009.pdf)
51.) Gierens, K., S. Bretl, 2009: Analytical treatment of ice
sublimation and test of sublimation parameterisations in two-moment
ice microphysics models. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 7481-7490. (http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/9/7481/2009/acp-9-7481-2009.pdf)
52.) Lee, D.S., G. Pitari, V. Grewe, K. Gierens, J.E. Penner, A.
Petzold, M.J. Prather, U. Schumann, A. Bais, T. Berntsen, D.
Iachetti, L.L. Lim, R. Sausen, 2010: Transport impacts on atmosphere
and climate: Aviation. Atmos. Env., 44, 4678-4734. doi:
10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.06.005
53.) Heymsfield, A., D. Baumgardner, P. DeMott, P. Forster, K.
Gierens, B. Kärcher, 2010: Contrail microphysics. Bull. Amer.
Meteorol. Soc., 91, 465-472.
54.) Unterstrasser, S., K. Gierens, 2010: Numerical simulations of
contrail-to-cirrus transition - Part 1: An extensive parametric
study. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 2017-2036. (http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/10/2017/2010/acp-10-2017-2010.pdf)
55.) Unterstrasser, S., K. Gierens, 2010: Numerical simulations of
contrail-to-cirrus transition - Part 2: Impact of initial ice
crystal number, radiation, stratification, secondary nucleation and
layer depth. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 2037-2051.
(http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/10/2037/2010/acp-10-2037-2010.pdf)
56.) Dickson, N.C., K.M. Gierens, H.L. Rogers, R.L. Jones, 2010:
Probabilistic description of ice-supersaturated layers in low
resolution profiles of relative humidity. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10,
6749-6763. (http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/10/6749/2010/acp-10-6749-2010.pdf)
57.) Schumann, U., B. Mayer, K. Gierens, S. Unterstrasser, P.
Jessberger, A. Petzold, C. Voigt, J.-F. Gayet, 2011: Effective
radius of ice particles in cirrus and contrails. J. Atmos. Sci., 68,
300-321.
58.) Gierens, K., M. Kästner, D. Klatt, 2011: Iridescent aerodynamic
contrails: The Norderney case of 27 June 2008. Meteorol. Z., 20,
305-311.
59.) Lamquin, N., C.J. Stubenrauch, K. Gierens, U. Burkhardt, H.
Smit, 2012: A global climatology of upper-tropospheric ice
supersaturation occurrence inferred from the Atmospheric Infrared
Sounder calibrated by MOZAIC. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 381-405. (http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/12/381/2012/acp-12-381-2012.pdf)
60.) Gierens, K., S. Brinkop, 2012: Dynamical characteristics of ice
supersaturated regions. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 11933-11942. (http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/12/11933/2012/acp-12-11933-2012.pdf)
61.) Gierens, K., 2012: Selected topics on the interaction between
cirrus clouds and embedded contrails. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12,
11943-11949. (http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/12/11943/2012/acp-12-11943-2012.pdf)
62.) Kienast-Sjögren, E., P. Spichtinger, K. Gierens, 2013:
Formulation and test of an ice aggregation scheme for two-moment
bulk microphysics schemes. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 9021-9037. (http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/13/9021/2013/acp-13-9021-2013.pdf)
63.) Gierens, K., F. Dilger, 2013: A climatology of formation
conditions for aerodynamic contrails. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13,
10847–10857.
(http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/13/10847/2013/acp-13-10847-2013.pdf)
64.) Gierens, K., K. Eleftheratos, L. Shi, 2014: Technical Note: 30
years of HIRS data of upper tropospheric humidity. Atmos. Chem.
Phys., 14, 7533-7541. (http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/14/7533/2014/acp-14-7533-2014.pdf)
65.) Gierens, K., K. Eleftheratos, 2016: Upper tropospheric humidity
changes under constant relative humidity. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16,
4159-4169. (http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/16/4159/2016/acp-16-4159-2016.pdf)
66.) Grewe, V., L. Bock, U. Burkhardt, K. Dahlmann, K. Gierens, L.
Hüttenhofer, S. Unterstrasser, A. Gangoli Rao, A. Bhat, F. Yin, T.G.
Reichel, O. Paschereit, Y. Levy, 2016: Assessing the climate impact
of the AHEAD multi-fuel blended wing body. Meteorol. Z., 26,
711-725. DOI
10.1127/metz/2016/0758.
67.) Unterstrasser, S., K. Gierens, I. Sölch, M. Lainer, 2016:
Numerical simulations of homogeneously nucleated natural cirrus and
contrail-cirrus. Part 1: How different are they? Meteorol. Z., 26,
621-642. DOI
10.1127/metz/2016/0777.
68.) Unterstrasser, S., K. Gierens, I. Sölch, M. Wirth, 2016:
Numerical simulations of homogeneously nucleated natural cirrus and
contrail-cirrus. Part 2: Interaction on local scale. Meteorol. Z.,
26, 643-661. DOI
10.1127/metz/2016/0780.
69.) Grewe, V., S. Matthes, C. Frömming, S. Brinkop, P. Jöckel, K.
Gierens, T. Champougny, J. Fuglestvedt, A. Haslerud, E. Irvine, K.
Shine, 2017: Feasibility of climate-optimized air traffic routing
for trans-Atlantic flights. Environmental Research Letters, 3,
034003. DOI:
10.1088/1748-9326/aa5ba0.
70.) Gierens, K., K. Eleftheratos, 2017: Technical note: On the
intercalibration of HIRS channel 12 brightness temperatures
following the transition from HIRS 2 to HIRS 3/4 for ice saturation
studies. Atmos. Meas. Tech., 10, 681–693. (http://www.atmos-meas-tech.net/10/681/2017/amt-10-681-2017.pdf)
See also: Gierens, K., K. Eleftheratos, 2017: Improvements to the
HIRS channel 12 intercalibration for ice supersaturation studies.
GSICS Quarterly: Spring Issue 2017, pp. 6-7. doi: 10.7289/V5BK19F0.
71.) Grewe, V., et. al., 2017: Mitigating the Climate Impact from
Aviation: Achievements and Results of the DLR WeCare Project.
Aerospace 2017, 4, 34, 50 pp. doi: 10.3390/aerospace4030034.
72.) Gierens, K., K. Eleftheratos,R. Sausen, 2018: Intercalibration
between HIRS/2 and HIRS/3 channel 12 based on physical
considerations. Atmos. Meas. Tech., 11, 939-948. (http://www.atmos-meas-tech.net/11/939/2018/amt-11-939-2018.pdf)
73.) Gierens, K., M.Vazquez-Navarro, 2018: Statistical analysis of
contrail lifetimes from a satellite perspective. Meteorol. Z., 27,
183-193 DOI
10.1127/metz/2018/0888.
74.) Gierens, K., K. Eleftheratos, 2019: On the interpretation of
upper-tropospheric humidity based on a second-order retrieval from
infrared radiances. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 3733-3746. (https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-3733-2019)
75.) Gierens, K. L. Wilhelm, M. Sommer, D. Weaver, 2020: On ice
supersaturation over the Arctic. Meteorol. Z., 29, 165-176. (https://doi.org/10.1127/metz/2020/1012)
76.) Yin, F., V. Grewe, K. Gierens, 2020: Impact of hybrid-electric
aircraft on contrail coverage. Aerospace, 7, 147.
doi:10.3390/aerospace7100147. (https://www.mdpi.com/2226-4310/7/10/147/pdf)
77.) Gierens, K., S. Matthes, S. Rohs, 2020: How Well Can Persistent
Contrails Be Predicted? Aerospace, 7, 169.
doi:10.3390/aerospace7120169. (https://www.mdpi.com/2226-4310/7/12/169/pdf)
78.) Gierens, K. K. Eleftheratos, 2021: The contribution and
weighting functions of radiative transfer - theory and application
to the retrieval of upper-tropospheric humidity. Meteorol. Z., 30,
79-88. (https://doi.org/10.1127/metz/2020/0985)
79.) Gierens, K., 2021: Theory of Contrail Formation for Fuel Cells.
Aerospace, 8, 164. doi:10.3390/aerospace8060164. (https://www.mdpi.com/2226-4310/8/6/164/pdf)
80.) Wilhelm, L., K. Gierens, S. Rohs, 2021: Weather Variability
Induced Uncertainty of Contrail Radiative Forcing. Aerospace, 8,
332. doi:10.3390/aerospace8110332. (https://www.mdpi.com/2226-4310/8/11/332/pdf)
81.) Wilhelm, L., K. Gierens, S. Rohs, 2022: Meteorological
Conditions that Promote Persistent Contrails. Appl. Sci. 2022, 12,
4450. doi.org/10.3390/app12094450. (https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/9/4450)
82.) Gierens, K., L. Wilhelm, S. Hofer, S. Rohs, 2022: The effect of
ice supersaturation and thin cirrus on lapse rates in the upper
troposphere. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 22, 7699-7712.
doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-7699-2022. (https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/22/7699/2022/acp-22-7699-2022.pdf)
83.) Gierens, K., 2023: Transmission formulation for random
stacks of clouds. Meteorol. Z., Early Access DOI 10.1127/metz/2023/1186
84.) Sausen, R., S. Hofer, K. Gierens, L. Bugliaro, R. Ehrmanntraut, I. Sitova, K. Walczak, A. Burridge-Diesing, M. Bowman, N. Miller, 2023:
Can we successfully avoid persistent contrails by small altitude adjustments of flights in the real world?
Meteorol. Z., Early Access DOI 10.1127/metz/2023/1157
85.) Sperber, D., K. Gierens, 2023: Towards a more reliable forecast of ice supersaturation: concept of a one-moment ice-cloud scheme that avoids saturation adjustment.
Atmos. Chem. Phys. 23, 15609–15627.
doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15609-2023. (https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/23/15609/2023/acp-23-15609-2023.pdf)
86.) Hofer, S., K. Gierens, S. Rohs, 2024: Contrail formation and persistence conditions for alternative fuels.
Meteorol. Z., Early Access DOI 10.1127/metz/2024/1178
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